DEBBIE BURNESS REAL ESTATE GROUP

Every home experiences some degree of movement over time, often called settling. It’s a natural part of the aging process for any structure, especially in areas with varying soil conditions, temperature swings, or after the first few years of construction. While minor signs of settling are usually no cause for alarm, some changes can hint at serious foundation issues that deserve immediate attention.

Knowing the difference between normal settling and foundation trouble can save homeowners and buyers from costly surprises and protect the value of the property.

Common Signs of Normal Settling

Minor cracks or imperfections often develop as homes adjust to their environment. These signs are usually cosmetic and not indicative of major structural problems:

• Small, hairline cracks in drywall, particularly around windows, doors, and at the corners of rooms.
• Doors or interior windows that stick slightly during humid months but operate normally as seasons change.
• Tiny gaps between moldings and ceilings or walls, which may appear as wood and drywall expand and contract.
• Fine surface cracks in concrete patios, driveways, or garage floors, usually caused by normal shrinkage over time.

If these issues appear but don’t worsen significantly, they are typically part of a home’s normal life cycle. Regular monitoring is recommended to ensure they don’t develop into bigger problems.

Warning Signs of Foundation Problems

In contrast, some signs point to more serious issues that may threaten the structural integrity of the home:

• Cracks larger than 1/4 inch wide, especially if they appear in stair-step patterns along brick or block walls.
• Horizontal cracks across foundation walls or basement floors, which may suggest pressure from soil or water.
• Noticeable sloping or uneven floors, where rolling objects don’t stay put or walking feels tilted.
• Persistent sticking of doors and windows, along with visible gaps around the frames even after seasonal changes.
• Separation between walls and ceilings or walls and floors, creating visible gaps.
• Detached cabinets or countertops pulling away from walls.
• Water intrusion in basements or crawl spaces, possibly from foundation movement allowing moisture to seep inside.
• Visible bowing or bulging of foundation walls from the outside.

These red flags should never be ignored. If you notice several of these issues, or if existing cracks worsen over time, it’s important to seek an evaluation by a qualified structural engineer or foundation specialist.

For homeowners, spotting issues early can help address problems before they escalate. For buyers, hiring a thorough home inspector�and asking questions about any visible concerns�is critical before finalizing a purchase.

A home is one of life’s biggest investments. By understanding the difference between everyday settling and foundation trouble, you can better protect your property, your wallet, and your peace of mind.

Losing a spouse is a deeply emotional experience and the financial decisions that follow can feel overwhelming. One important area to understand during this time is how the IRS treats the sale of a primary residence after the death of a spouse. Under certain conditions, surviving spouses may qualify for a larger capital gains exclusion, up to $500,000, if the home is sold within a specific time frame.

Here’s what you need to know.

1. The $500,000 Capital Gains Exclusion: The Two-Year Rule

In general, married couples who file jointly can exclude up to $500,000 of capital gains when selling their primary residence. For surviving spouses, this higher exclusion amount can still apply, but only if the home is sold within two years of the spouse’s death.

This special provision offers some breathing room for surviving spouses, allowing them time to make thoughtful decisions without immediately losing the tax advantage.

To qualify, the following conditions must be met:

• The home must be sold within two years after the spouse’s death.
• The surviving spouse must not have remarried before the sale.
• The couple must have owned and lived in the home as their primary residence for at least two of the five years prior to the date of death.
• Neither spouse can have excluded gain from the sale of another home within the two years before the current sale.

2. Step-Up in Basis: A Hidden Tax Benefit

In addition to the potential $500,000 exclusion, surviving spouses may also benefit from a step-up in basis. This means that the cost basis of the home, the amount used to determine capital gain, may be adjusted to reflect its fair market value on the date of the spouse’s death.

This step-up can significantly reduce or even eliminate capital gains taxes on the sale of the home, especially if the property had appreciated substantially during the couple’s ownership.

See an example below

3. Selling After Two Years: What Changes?

If the home is sold more than two years after the death of a spouse, the surviving individual is generally treated as a single filer and may only exclude up to $250,000 of capital gains�half the amount allowed under the two-year rule.

While the step-up in basis may still apply, the lower exclusion amount means that timing the sale could have a major impact on potential tax liability.

Important Reminders:

• The exclusion only applies to a primary residence; not to vacation homes, rentals, or investment properties.
• State tax laws may differ and should also be taken into consideration.
• Because every situation is unique, it’s wise to consult a qualified tax advisor or estate planning professional for personalized guidance.

For surviving spouses, the IRS offers valuable tax relief in the form of an extended capital gains exclusion and a possible step-up in basis. If you’re navigating these decisions after the loss of a spouse, understanding the two-year window and how the rules apply can help you maximize your financial outcomes.

Thoughtful timing and expert advice can make all the difference. For more information, contact your tax consultant. Your REALTOR� can help establish a fair market value at time of death and answer any marketing questions you may have.

Here’s a step-by-step example using your scenario to illustrate how the step-up in basis and the $500,000 exclusion work together for a surviving spouse:

Scenario:

• Original Purchase Price: $350,000
• Capital Improvements Over Time: $100,000
• Adjusted Basis Before Death: $450,000
• Fair Market Value at Date of Death: $1,150,000
• Home Sold by Surviving Spouse Within 2 Years: Yes
• Sale Price (assumed equal to FMV): $1,150,000

Step-by-Step Calculation:

1. Determine the Stepped-Up Basis

In most states, if the property was owned jointly and both spouses were on title, half of the property receives a step-up in basis to the fair market value at the date of death. The other half retains its original basis. (Note: in community property states, 100% of the property may receive a step-up. This example assumes a non-community property state.)

• One-half stepped-up to FMV: � � $1,150,000 = $575,000
• One-half retains original basis: � � $450,000 = $225,000
• Total Adjusted Basis After Death: $575,000 + $225,000 = $800,000

2. Calculate the Capital Gain on Sale

• Sale Price: $1,150,000
• Adjusted Basis (after step-up): $800,000
• Capital Gain: $1,150,000 … $800,000 = $350,000

3. Apply the Capital Gains Exclusion

Since the surviving spouse sold the home within two years, meets the ownership and use test, and has not remarried, they qualify for the $500,000 exclusion.

• Capital Gain: $350,000
• Exclusion: Up to $500,000
• Taxable Gain: $0

Result: Because the $350,000 gain is fully offset by the $500,000 exclusion, no capital gains tax is owed on the sale of the home. By taking advantage of the stepped-up basis at the time of the spouse’s death, and selling within the two-year window, the surviving spouse eliminated any taxable gain.

A temporary buydown is a great tool to help ease into homeownership with lower initial monthly payments, especially helpful in a high-rate environment. It allows you to enjoy reduced payments in the first one to three years of the loan, offering financial flexibility as you settle into your home.

With a buydown, the upfront cost is used to offset the difference between your actual mortgage payment (based on the full note rate) and the reduced payment you’re allowed to make under the buydown terms. That difference is funded by a lump sum, typically paid by the seller, builder, or sometimes the borrower, and held in an escrow account by the lender or servicer.

For example, in a 2-1 buydown, the lender still loans the full amount at the note rate for the entire term of the mortgage. However, for the first year, the borrower makes payments as if the rate were 2% lower, and in the second year, 1% lower. The escrow account makes up the difference between what the borrower pays and what the loan actually requires, ensuring the lender receives the full payment due.

But What If You Sell or Refinance Before the Buydown Period Ends?

Here’s the good news: If you sell or refinance the home before the buydown period is over, the unused portion of that escrow fund doesn’t disappear, it typically comes back to you.

Since the funds were set aside to reduce your mortgage payments and you’re no longer making those payments, the remaining balance in the buydown account is credited back to you at closing. It’s your money, or a seller or builder credit given on your behalf, and once it’s no longer needed for payment support, it returns to you.

It’s always wise to confirm the terms with your lender or loan servicer, but most buydown agreements include this provision.

The Bottom Line

A temporary buydown offers upfront savings and long-term flexibility. And if your plans change, whether you sell or refinance early, you won’t lose the benefit of the unused funds. It’s just another way this strategy helps you manage your mortgage more efficiently, while keeping more money in your pocket.

If you’re buying a home�or already own one�home insurance might not be the most exciting part of the process. But it is one of the most important.

In many cases, home insurance is required to secure a mortgage, but even if it weren’t, having the right coverage in place protects one of your biggest financial investments. It’s not just about meeting lender requirements�it’s about safeguarding your future.

Protection Against the Unexpected

Home insurance helps you recover financially if disaster strikes. Whether it’s a fire, storm, or burglary, insurance can help you repair, rebuild, or replace your home and belongings. Some policies even provide protection if someone gets hurt on your property or if you’re faced with a liability lawsuit.

Support During Displacement

If your home becomes temporarily unlivable due to a covered event, insurance can help with additional living expenses, like hotel stays and meals, while repairs are being made. That means one less thing to worry about during a stressful time.

Choosing the Right Coverage

Homeowners can choose policies based on how much coverage they want:

• Actual Cash Value: Pays what your property is worth now, factoring in depreciation.
• Replacement Cost: Covers the cost to replace items with new ones of similar kind and quality.
• Extended or Guaranteed Replacement: Offers a buffer or full coverage to restore your home completely, even if costs exceed the original policy limit.

Knowing your options helps ensure you’re covered the way you want to be�not underinsured when it matters most.

A Resource Worth Reading

For a helpful guide, check out the Homebuyers Insurance Handbook, created by the Insurance Information Institute and the National Association of REALTORS�. It walks you through what to look for in a policy and how to determine the right amount of coverage for your situation.

What Does Homeowner’s Insurance Typically Cover?

• The structure of your home
• Personal belongings
• Landscaping or property features
• Medical payments for guests
• Liability protection
• Temporary housing expenses

Whether you’re closing on your first home or reassessing your current policy, home insurance offers peace of mind, so you’re prepared for life’s "what ifs." It’s not just about protection; it’s about confidence in your investment.

When financing a home, the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage is often the go-to option because of its lower monthly payment. But for buyers who can comfortably afford a higher payment, the 15-year mortgage deserves a closer look and may lead to significantly greater financial rewards over time.

Let’s compare two scenarios based on a $360,000 mortgage with current rates:

• 30-year mortgage at 6.58%
  Principal and interest: $2,294.42/month
• 15-year mortgage at 5.69%
  Principal and interest: $2,977.92/month

At first glance, the 15-year loan costs about $684 more per month. But when you look at where that money is going, and what it saves you, it starts to make a compelling case.

Interest Savings and Faster Equity Build-Up

The key difference lies in how much of your payment goes toward the principal balance. With the 15-year loan, you pay less interest over time and you pay it off faster.

After 10 years:

• On the 30-year loan, you’d still owe $305,804.
• On the 15-year loan, your balance would be just $155,189 – almost half.

That means you’ve paid down far more of the loan and built significantly more equity in your home, which increases your financial flexibility and net worth. Paying an extra $684 per month for 10 years adds up to $82,080, but the 15-year mortgage reduces the loan balance by $150,615 more than the 30-year option, resulting in a net equity gain of nearly $68,535.

Other Long-Term Advantages

• Lower total interest paid: Over the life of the loan, you’ll save tens of thousands of dollars.
• Faster path to mortgage-free living: Paying off your home in 15 years frees up your budget sooner and reduces long-term financial stress.
• Equity growth: Greater equity gives you more options for future borrowing, renovations, or downsizing with more cash in hand.

Yes, the 15-year loan requires a higher monthly payment, but if it fits your budget, the long-term benefits are hard to ignore. You’ll save substantially on interest, build equity faster, and own your home outright in half the time.

Before locking in a mortgage, run the numbers and talk to your lender. If you can manage the higher payment, the 15-year loan could be one of the best financial moves you make. We’d be happy to run an analysis for you or go to our 15-yr vs. 30-yr comparison.

One of the biggest benefits of homeownership is the ability to build equity�the portion of your home you truly own. Equity grows naturally over time in two ways: first, as you pay down your mortgage through regular payments (amortization), and second, as your home increases in value due to appreciation.

But did you know there are smart ways to accelerate that growth? By paying down your mortgage faster, you can significantly boost your equity and financial freedom, often shaving years off your loan and saving thousands in interest. Here are several strategies to help you do just that:

1. Apply Your Tax Refund to Principal – Instead of spending your refund, apply it as a lump-sum payment to your mortgage principal. Even one annual extra payment can make a noticeable difference.
2. Make One Extra Payment Per Year – If you can budget for 13 payments instead of 12 each year, that extra payment goes entirely toward principal and helps you pay off the loan faster.
3. Switch to Biweekly Payments – By making half a payment every two weeks instead of one full payment monthly, you’ll make 13 full payments per year without much strain.
4. Use Annual Bonuses or Commissions – Apply work bonuses or commissions directly to your mortgage. These windfalls can give your principal balance a serious reduction.
5. Round Up Monthly Payments – Round up your payment to the nearest $50 or $100. Small increases add up over time and reduce the overall interest paid.
6. Apply Cash Gifts or Inheritance – Use any financial gift, inheritance, or unexpected income to knock down your mortgage balance and boost equity.
7. Refinance to a Shorter-Term Loan – If you refinance into a 15-year loan and continue paying your current amount (if higher), you’ll speed up repayment and build equity faster.
8. Cut Non-Essential Spending and Reallocate Savings – Track your discretionary spending and redirect small monthly savings toward your mortgage principal.
9. Use Rental or Side Hustle Income – Apply any extra income from side gigs or rental properties directly to your mortgage to build wealth with minimal lifestyle impact.
10. Automate Extra Principal Payments – Set up a recurring monthly transfer to make consistent additional payments without needing to think about it each time.

Your home is more than just a place to live, it’s a powerful investment. By taking proactive steps to grow your equity faster, you open the door to more options later in life, whether it’s refinancing, accessing funds through a home equity loan, downsizing, or enjoying a debt-free retirement. A little extra effort now can pay off in a big way down the road.

Use our Equity Accelerator to make projections and build your plan to retire your mortgage.

There was a memorable Fram Oil Filter commercial years ago where a mechanic asked a customer during an oil change if he wanted to replace the filter. When the customer declined, the mechanic calmly replied, "That’s okay with me. You can pay me now, or you can pay me later." The implication was clear: skipping the small cost of a new filter now could lead to a costly engine rebuild down the road.

That same logic applies to homeownership.

Many people dream of one day having their home paid for free and clear. But how you get there is a matter of choices. You can choose to pay a little more now, or you can pay a lot more later. Those who take the time to make regular additional principal payments on their mortgage are making the decision to "pay now" to avoid the heavier burden of "paying later."

Pre-paying a fixed-rate mortgage will save interest, build equity, and shorten the term of the mortgage. Let’s look at the strategy.

Say you have a 30-year mortgage. By adding even a modest amount, say $100 to $200 per month, to your principal payment, you can shave years off your loan term and save tens of thousands of dollars in interest. This not only speeds up your journey to owning your home outright, it also gives you a greater sense of financial security and freedom.

Imagine entering retirement with no house payment. Your cost of living drops dramatically. You may be able to retire earlier, travel more, help the family, or simply enjoy peace of mind. The effort and discipline it took to make extra payments during your working years can pay enormous dividends later.

On the other hand, choosing to live at the edge of your means, buying more house than you need, skipping extra payments, or refinancing to "reset the clock, can keep you chained to a mortgage well into your golden years. Like the oil filter, the decision to not make a small sacrifice now could result in a much larger cost down the road.

The choice is yours. Do you want to sacrifice a little today so you can enjoy more tomorrow? Or will you consume now and keep paying later?

As the Fram commercial reminded us, the cost is coming either way. The smart ones plan for it. Check out our Equity Accelerator to see what you can save in interest and how soon your loan can be paid off.

Buying a home is one of the most significant financial decisions most people will ever make, yet it’s a process fraught with potential pitfalls. The good news? By learning from the common mistakes others have made, you can sidestep unnecessary stress, save money, and make more informed decisions.

A knowledgeable homebuyer is a confident homebuyer, and understanding these 12 common missteps can empower you to navigate the process smoothly and successfully. Whether you’re a first-time buyer or a seasoned homeowner, this insight can make all the difference in ensuring your experience is a positive one.

Not Knowing Your Budget – Many homebuyers start searching for homes without understanding how much they can afford, leading to disappointment when they find out their price range is lower than expected.

Skipping Mortgage Pre-Approval – Failing to get pre-approved for a mortgage can result in missed opportunities or delays, as it shows sellers that you are a serious buyer and helps you understand your financial limits.

Ignoring Additional Costs – Homebuyers often underestimate ongoing costs such as property taxes, homeowner’s insurance, utilities, and maintenance, which can significantly impact their budget.

Rushing the Process – Moving too quickly can lead to poor decisions, such as making an offer without thoroughly evaluating the property or neighborhood.

Not Researching the Neighborhood – Buyers sometimes overlook the importance of researching neighborhoods, which can affect their long-term satisfaction and property value.

Making Emotional Decisions – Allowing emotions to drive decisions can lead to overpaying for a home or ignoring potential red flags during the buying process.

Underestimating Repair and Renovation Costs – Many buyers fail to accurately assess the costs of necessary repairs or renovations, often influenced by unrealistic portrayals in media.

Not Conducting a Home Inspection – Skipping a professional inspection can lead to unexpected repair costs after purchase, as buyers may overlook significant issues.

Failing to Negotiate – First-time buyers often hesitate to negotiate on price or terms, missing out on potential savings or favorable conditions.

Spending All Savings on Down Payment – Buyers sometimes use most of their savings for a down payment, leaving little for emergencies or unexpected expenses after moving in.

Not Considering Resale Value – Focusing solely on immediate needs without considering future resale value can lead to regret if circumstances change.

Getting Only One Loan Quote – Many buyers apply for a mortgage with only one lender, potentially missing out on better rates and terms available from other lenders.

Avoiding common homebuying mistakes starts with preparation and the right guidance. By understanding these 12 pitfalls and taking proactive steps to address them, you can make your homebuying journey smoother, more productive, and ultimately more enjoyable.

One of the best ways to ensure success is to schedule an early appointment with your buyer’s agent. A knowledgeable agent can help you navigate potential challenges, provide expert advice, and tailor the process to meet your unique needs. With the right partner by your side, you’ll be well-equipped to avoid these mistakes and move confidently toward finding your perfect home.

Download our complimentary Buyers Guide.

With high home prices, more buyers may turn to Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loans in the coming year. These government-backed mortgages are known for their flexible borrower requirements, such as lower credit scores and down payments as low as 3-5%.

However, many sellers and even some agents, have misconceptions about FHA loans, believing they are difficult to work with or that the approval process is more complicated. In reality, agents who regularly assist FHA buyers know that these loans are a solid financing option, providing opportunities for buyers who might not otherwise be able to purchase a home.

FHA loans are not inherently harder to close, and when paired with the right professionals, they can be just as seamless as conventional financing.

A key factor in ensuring a smooth transaction is working with an agent familiar with FHA guidelines and a lender who specializes in FHA mortgages. This helps eliminate many of the perceived hurdles and ensures the loan closes on time.

You can help make FHA buyers more competitive by dispelling these common misconceptions:

MYTH #1: FHA loans are only for buyers with bad credit.

Truth: While FHA loans allow credit scores as low as 500, many borrowers have solid credit. In fact, the average FHA borrower has a credit score of 683, and 80% of FHA applicants have a score of 600 or higher, according to 2024 data from Ellie Mae.

MYTH #2: FHA loans are only for first-time homebuyers.

Truth: While FHA loans are popular among first-time buyers and those with moderate incomes, they are available to repeat buyers as well.

MYTH #3: FHA loans come with higher interest rates#4.

Truth: FHA loans offer competitive interest rates, sometimes even lower than conventional loans. Borrowers with strong credit and larger down payments often qualify for the best rates. Comparing both FHA and conventional loan options is always a smart move.

MYTH #4: FHA loans take longer to close than conventional loans.

Truth: FHA and conventional loans have similar closing timelines. On average, both take about 47 days to close, according to 2024 data.

MYTH #5: FHA loans can only be used for single-family homes.

Truth: FHA loans can be used to purchase a variety of property types, including single-family homes, townhomes, manufactured homes, and HUD-approved condos. They can also be used for multifamily properties with up to four units, as long as the buyer occupies one of the units as a primary residence.

MYTH #6: FHA loans have income limits.

Truth: FHA loans have no income restrictions. Even high-earning households can qualify.

Your buyer’s agent can help make FHA offers more competitive in today’s market by educating you, the sellers, and sometimes, the listing agent about FHA loans.

FHA loans are a valuable financing option that can help many buyers achieve homeownership, yet misconceptions often create unnecessary barriers. By understanding the facts and working with knowledgeable real estate agents and lenders who specialize in FHA mortgages, buyers can confidently navigate the process, and sellers can feel more comfortable accepting FHA-backed offers.

With the right professionals guiding the transaction, FHA loans can close just as smoothly as conventional financing. Educating clients about these realities not only helps buyers find suitable financing but also expands opportunities for sellers, ultimately leading to more successful transactions for all parties involved.

We’d like to connect you with our trusted FHA mortgage specialist.

Each year, homeowners receive a notification of their property tax assessment, which, when combined with the local tax rate, determines how much they owe in property taxes. While this process is meant to fairly reflect a home’s value, assessments are not always accurate. If the valuation is incorrect, homeowners may end up paying more than they should. Fortunately, you have the right to challenge the assessment if you believe it is inaccurate.

Here are some of the most common reasons a property tax assessment may be incorrect:

1. Overvaluation – Assessors estimate your home’s market value, but if they overvalue it, your taxes will be higher than necessary. This can happen if they rely on outdated or incomplete data or if home values in your area have declined since the last assessment.
2. Errors in Property Information – Mistakes in the assessor’s records can lead to an inflated value. Common errors include incorrect square footage, an inaccurate number of bedrooms or bathrooms, or outdated details about renovations and improvements. If the records show more features than your home actually has, you may be paying too much in taxes.
3. Comparable Sales Discrepancies – If similar homes in your neighborhood are assessed at a lower value, your home’s assessment may not be consistent with market trends. Assessors use comparable properties to determine value, but if they fail to factor in differences�such as location, lot size, or condition�it could lead to an unfairly high assessment.
4. Market Value Decline – Real estate markets fluctuate, and if your property’s value has dropped since the last assessment, your tax bill may not reflect the change. Assessors do not always adjust values quickly enough to keep up with market shifts.
5. Damage or Deterioration – If your home has suffered significant damage�such as structural issues, fire damage, or foundation problems�it could be worth less than its assessed value. If these factors aren’t considered, you may be overpaying.
6. Incorrect Classification – If your home is classified incorrectly�such as being assessed as commercial property instead of residential�it can result in a much higher tax bill.
7. Exemptions Not Applied – Many homeowners qualify for tax exemptions, such as homestead, senior citizen, or veteran exemptions. If these were not applied, your tax bill could be higher than it should be.

If you believe your property tax assessment is incorrect, you have the right to challenge it. This typically involves gathering evidence, such as recent comparable home sales, correcting errors in the property records, or providing proof of market decline or damage.

Your real estate agent can be a valuable resource in this process. They can help you find comparable sales data and provide insights into market trends. If you have questions about your property’s value or the process of appealing your tax assessment, reach out to your agent�they’re there to help!